NOTE
Linux Disk I/O Tuning
Diagnosing storage latency, throughput, queueing, cache behavior, filesystem, and application I/O patterns.
This is a historical learning note and may contain outdated or incomplete understanding.
Storage tuning starts with application latency and device metrics: request rate/size, throughput, queue depth, read/write latency, fsync latency, cache hit behavior, and filesystem/database patterns.
Sequential versus random access, sync versus buffered writes, read-ahead, batching, concurrency, and page-cache behavior can dominate performance. Modern SSD/NVMe/cloud devices do not follow old single-spindle assumptions.
Change I/O schedulers, filesystem mount options, queue settings, or application batching only when evidence connects them to the bottleneck.