NOTE
java.nio.file.Path
Path composition, normalization, absolute/real paths, and filesystem-safe comparisons.
This is a historical learning note and may contain outdated or incomplete understanding.
Path represents a filesystem path independently from legacy string-heavy File APIs. Use resolve, relativize, normalize, and Files operations rather than manual separator concatenation.
A normalized or absolute path is not necessarily the same as a real path after resolving symbolic links/filesystem state. Security checks involving containment must account for symlinks and TOCTOU races rather than comparing raw strings.
Do not assume case sensitivity or separator behavior is identical across filesystems.